What Are the Five Components of Physical Fitness?

Recent medical studies suggest that, contrary to traditional belief, it may be possible to be both fat and fit at the same time. The researchers refer to several key blood chemistry and pressure indicators, and asserts that these elements define the fitness of the individual. In short, that it is possible to be obese but be considered healthy as long as cholesterol, blood sugar and blood pressure remain within certain parameters. But is good health just a matter of numbers and graphs? A conclusion should not be used unless the following five components of physical fitness are addressed. 1) Cardiovascular Activity and Endurance Cardiovascular activity involves your heart, lungs and vascular system (circulation), all of which improves with regular exercise. Cardiovascular activity is defines as any activity that lasts for longer than 90 seconds. The activity could be anything that is done that increases the heart rate such as aerobics to muscle building workouts. 2) Muscle Strength Muscle strength involves the amount of force that a muscle can exert in one try. Doing muscle training exercises can help to build strength and increase the range of motion. This is what is considered anaerobic activity. 3) Muscular Endurance The muscle’s ability to complete a series of anaerobic activities is the measure of that muscle’s endurance. These tests are typically done for less than 90 seconds to keep them from being considered cardiovascular. 4) Range Of Motion Range of motion is used to determine an individual’s flexibility and involves movement of the joints in specific, measured arcs. Being flexible helps a person to avoid injuries, maintain youthful posture and retain greater strength. 5) Body Composition Body composition consists of your relative percentages of muscle, bone, and water vs. the amount of body fat. All these measurements come together in what is referred to as the BMI, or Body Mass Index. A high BMI can be an indication of high risks for heart disease and other obesity-related ailments. Each of the five components of physical fitness is important, but it is their combination with each other that gives a truer picture of an individual’s level of fitness. A high BMI also has a direct impact on the strength of an individual’s muscles and cardiovascular capacity. This is why it is so crucial not to separate out elements when it comes to physical fitness. All components must be taken into consideration for a clear picture. Though it might be possible for a person to be both fat and fit, they will certainly still be able to benefit from regular exercise. Those who take all five components of physical fitness into account will be healthier overall and less likely to develop obesity related disease.